Adapters are used when connecting two pipes of different types. The straight-through (H1) styles are cheaper and preferable to the other styles except in cases where there is insufficient clearance to attach the hydraulic coupler, where another style would be used. Flare fittings: Used for high water pressure and gas applications, a flare nut and the cone-shaped fitting connect the pipe and fitting after the pipe has been “flared” with a special tool. They are joined together using a primer that cleans and pre-softens the plastic, and a glue that binds pipe and fitting together, making one piece out of two. Common metals include: Aluminum- lightweight and corrosion resistant. This guide describes pipe fittings used for plumbing systems, but what is pipe fitting? Seemingly arbitrary units are the norm; what does "nominal" refer to, anyway? Nobody likes returns (and even worse is being wrong), so if you aren't sure about what you need, you can always drop us a line! Please call us at: 1-800-HOME-DEPOT (1-800-466-3337), Please enter in your email address in the following format: you@domain.com. x 55 in. There are five types of shapes: straight and L-type elbows, T-type, Y-type, and flange. Pipe joints can be secured in a number of ways, depending on the material, features and functions of the pipes and the fittings being used. Common elbows have 90-, 60-, 45- and 22 ½-degree bends and are used to make a turn. 3. 4. Tees can have one inlet and two outlets at 90-degree angles in the shape of a “T” and are used to split a supply line, or they can combine two lines into one outlet. Flare fittings are sized to match the OD of the pipe being connected: if the pipe measures 1/2" OD, a 1/2" flare fitting is what you need. The internal design of the body causes the sleeve to … It comes in two varieties. With pipe unions, a nut or threaded ring in the middle of the fitting is tightened to join two pipes. Changes the size of the pipe such as reducers, reducing tees. Used with copper pipe (not tubing), CPVC, and PEX (a special insert is available to maintain the integrity of PEX when using these fittings), the connection is made possible by a combination of specially-designed o-rings and metal teeth that grip and hold the pipe or tube in place. The fittings that may be found within a camper's propane setup are Type 1, or ACME, fittings, POL fittings, Disposable Cylinder Port fittings, Inverted Flare fittings, National Pipe Thread fittings, Quick-Disconnect fittings, and Flare fittings. They are shaped like a “U” or sideways “P” and serve two purposes. Parker actually pioneered the flare fitting technology in the 1920's with the introduction of the inverted flare fitting followed by the Parker Triple Fitting in early 1930's. Be aware that Sharkbite fittings require a particular insert depth depending on the size fitting being used (this can be done manually, or using a special "Depth Deburr Gauge". To cut rigid copper, you’ll need a wheel cutter, tube cutter, or a hacksaw. Elbows, also known as "ells," are used to change the direction of a pipe system. The 3-way corner fitting splits pipe into three directions and is designed for use in corners. Pipe fittings dimensions are important and there are sizing standards to follow. Elbows. Chrome-plated brass is often used when a section of a plumbing system can be seen in living areas, such as under a bathroom sink. The only PEX fittings that have a specific type of PEX are expansion fittings. Traps also catch debris to avoid clogging farther down the drainage system. PVC fittings, when threaded, also use this thread type. Crosses. "I'm hearing a lot about lead-free these days. It is having one inlet and two outlets, outlets… Spider and Washer with Harp – This is the most common type of fitting for table and floor lamp shades. They are used when pipes pass through walls, ceilings and floors. Ready to find the supplies you need in your local store? It is important to note that DIN 2353 fittings are offered in 3 different … Most plumbing fittings are used to change the direction of the water's flow or to stop it altogether. We'll take you to the exact aisle and bay. Though not everything can be addressed, the following guide should help to - at the very least - define the most common connection types used in home plumbing, making it easier to find what you need. Barbs are sized by the ID of the hose to be connected. Different types of plumbing fittings come in the same material as their pipe counterparts, whether CPVC, brass or galvanized. Brass, galvanized, stainless steel and other non-copper fittings are often threaded, and the standard used is often the National Pipe Thread (NPT) standard. When used with soft copper, a special tool (called a flaring tool) is used to flare the tubing, modifying its shape to facilitate a tight seal with the cone-shaped flare piece. Such an assembly is considered a single Category H fitting for the purposes of fitting registration; and 2(c) condenser coils and evaporator coils as defined in CSA B52 and air heater coils, provided that the diameter of any component does not exceed 152 mm (6 in) and the design pressure does not exceed 4.14 MPa (600 psig). Pipes are usually connected with soldered (sweat) fittings and compression fittings can connect the pipe to shut-off valves. Flange Fittings – A flange is a flat, round fitting that creates a tight seal with bolts or clamps. The larger diameter of the bushing fits inside of the larger pipe. Nipple Fittings – Nipples are short sections of pipe that are male-threaded at each end and used for connecting two female-threaded pipe ends or fittings. However, you'll need to take care not to unscrew the other end of the pipe as you're tightening the fitting on this end. Flare connections are used when water pressure is high, or for gas distribution: applications with higher pressures than a compression fitting could handle. Almost all pipe types have corresponding push-fit fittings designed for them. They can be joined together to move around obstructions in the pipe run. This way, all tube, valve, and hose fittings operate. While every connection benefits from having a clean, deburred end (no rough edges or random little bits hanging on), it's particularly important with these fittings: relying only upon an o-ring and some teeth for a connection means that any sharp edges or debris can hold a more destructive threat than normal. The materials vary and the specific purpose, although precise, seems daunting to figure out. These fittings are used in plumbing to manipulate the conveyance of water, gas, or liquid waste in domestic or commercial environments, within a system of pipes or tubes. Connect-under-pressure fittingsare designed to allow installation or connection of the fitting while the system is under pressure. Reply. For example, an adapter could be fitted on the end of a plain pipe to allow a threaded connection at the other side of the adapter. Elbow Fittings – Elbows change the direction of flow between two pipes. Poly alloy PEX crimp fittings are … Union Fittings – Unions are similar to couplings in that they connect two similar pipes. Type M is the thinnest but is strong enough for most homes. Tee & Wye Fittings – Tees and wyes are used to connect three pieces of pipe. Plumbing fittings come in all shapes and sizes, with each individual type being used for a specific purpose. Q. Coupling & Adapter Fittings – Pipe couplers slip over the outside of two pipes to connect them, usually permanently. PEX fittings form mechanical unions; they are not solvent-glued in the same manner as is used for CPVC and other plastic plumbing pipes. A sleeve ("ferrule") is placed over the pipe (use a plastic sleeve for plastic tubing), which is placed inside the fitting. Tom S says: April 20, 2019 at 9:20 am. When pipe is measured using IPS dimensions, the corresponding fitting size matches the IPS measurement: a 3/4" pipe will take a 3/4" IPS fitting. Below we’ve compiled a hydraulic hose fittings chart describing some of the more common fitting sizes and types currently in use by pipefitters and other professionals. The second of the two main types of reduction plumbing fittings is actually called the reducer. Push-fit fittings are available in various materials for different kinds of applications. The type of connector or fitting required for a specific system depends on several factors. 2. Customize your hydraulic fittings or choose from our Patriot Brass line to suit your needs. In general, use PVC fittings for PVC pipe, copper fittings for copper pipe and so on. These have a special O-ring and metal teeth inside to grip and get a watertight connection in low-pressure situations. Alas, plumbing is its own game with its own rules, which extend to measurements and dimensions. What does that have to do with plumbing products and how does the new lead-free legislation affect me?" The difference is that a plug fits into the threaded pipe opening to make the seal while caps fit over the opening. Three styles are available for the body, including several NPT thread sizes for tapped holes, a self-threading style, and … They are commonly found at cleanout locations for sewer systems. This is interchangeable with IPS - Iron Pipe Size - which you'll see a lot of on our site. Aluminum is commonly used for plumbing and is the preferred fitting material for aluminum tubing. Need help identifying a tool or material? Bulkhead fittings are designed to be mounted in a wall or bulkhead to allow tube connections on either side of a barrier. Louvered Vinyl Exterior Shutters Pair in #028 Forest Green, NuMax Air Compressors, Tools & Accessories, Buy Caxton Vitreous China Undermount Bathroom Sink in White. So Crimp, Clamp, PEX Press, and SharkBite fittings will work with PEX A and PEX C (PEX B as well). A coupling can be a reducer, or reducing coupling, meaning they reduce flow by joining a larger pipe to a smaller size. Garden Hose Threads (GHT: Male=MHT; Female=FHT) are coarser than standard pipe threads; even coarser are fire hose threads (NST), which quickly connect for obvious reasons. Standard 1/2" Washer. The barbed end of the fitting is pushed into the hose, and a clamp tightened around it to secure a seal. Barbs are easy to install, but cap nuts are a less risky water leak. It can be easily removed by loosening the ring to disconnect the pipes, while a coupling must to be cut out to disconnect. An elbow … A MS type fitting replaces the need for flaring the tube and still provides a safe and dependable connection. There are different types of pipe fitting used in piping. Plug Fittings – Plugs used at the end of a pipe to seal the opening, similar to a cap. These fittings can be used for the permanent termination point of a pipe or used temporarily to cut off supply during a plumbing project. Push-to-fit fittings typically use CTS sizing. Various types of fitting allow the designer to change the flow of the fluid, to split the flow of the fluid, or to elevate the lines. There are … Hose connection parts include barbs, such as hose nipples, which screw fittings into hoses, cap nuts, which secure the hoses with nuts, rib types, etc. Compression fittings are sized according to that outside diameter: a 1/2" OD pipe would require a 1/2" compression fitting. Is there something else you are looking for? Below is our extensive PVC pipe fittings guide with a series of diagrams and dimension charts. Similar to standard compression fittings, MS fittings are made up of a body, a sleeve and a nut. Connection methods include: Push to connect fittings: Push-to-connect fittings (sometimes called push-to-fit or click-to-connect) fittings make installation quick and easy for DIY plumbing projects. As the operating pressures increased, inverted flare did not perform as well as the Triple Fitting, and its use started declining. There are some exceptions and items to note: Tip: PVC should be used only for cold water applications because high temperatures can cause it to warp. The first is the inverted double flare, used by most domestic production cars and trucks. Products shown as available are normally stocked but inventory levels cannot be guaranteed, For screen reader problems with this website, please call 1-800-430-3376 or text 38698 (standard carrier rates apply to texts), Coupling, Adapter, Bushing and Union Fittings, Buy 15 in. Here is a brief overview of pipe fittings, their purpose, and the materials offered. This fitting usually reduces the size of the flow by making it smaller. Compression fittings are intended for one-time use only, and are not to be used in gas applications. The smaller pipe is then inserted into the smaller end of the bushing. Bushing Fittings – Bushings, sometimes called reducer bushings, are used for connecting two pipes of different sizes. Compression fittings are one of the quickest and easiest ways to join two lines. First, drain water is trapped in the arc to create a barrier that prevents sewer gases from rising into the home. A cross fitting has openings on all four of its ends and can connect four pipes. Find products fast with image search in The Home Depot app. Some fittings also have an "FTG" end - this sizing matches that of the pipe, meaning that end can be connected directly into another fitting (just as a pipe would), but not over that size pipe. Need Help? DIN 2353 Pressure Series. © 2000-2020 Home Depot Product Authority, LLC. The diagram to the right illustrates the two most common types of fittings used in a typical Street Rod brake system. Brass, galvanized, stainless steel and other non-copper fittings are often threaded, and the standard used is often the National Pipe Thread (NPT) standard. Sweat fittings: Permanent, leak-free pipe joints are made when solder is melted, or “sweated,” around the seam of brass or copper fittings and pipes. Connect different components such as couplings and stop the flows such as Caps. Slip fittings are used with plastic piping - ABS, CPVC, and PVC. Considering a bottle with a twist-off lid, the bottle has male threads and the lid is female. Fittings fit, it's true. Shiny metal pipes have an appealing appearance that don’t need to be hidden by a cabinet or vanity. Due to its chemical composition, ABS does not require the primer step.PVC and ABS slip connections follow IPS sizing, while most CPVC uses Copper Tube Sizing (CTS), meaning the types are not interchangeable. There are some exceptions and items to note: PEX fittings can be found made with either metal or plastic and are used for PEX pipes. Pipefitters and plumbers share many of the same skills but pipefitting and plumbing different trades. These fittings must not be overtightened - once resistance is encountered, go no more than a half-turn further.Though regularly used instead of soldering, compression connections should only be installed in stationary situations with little movement or impact on the plumbing. For non-plumbing applications, like refrigeration, outside diameter may be used to describe both the pipe/tubing and the fittings. It uses a 45* double flare to seal, which has tubing that is folded over into itself before flaring outward. A soft tubing compression fitting (STC) consists of two parts, the main part is the base and it’s very similar to the standard barb fitting, but it has an additional thread. If such activity is expected, soldering is recommended. Threaded fittings: Threaded pipe fittings can be twisted together for a tight fit. Pipes and fittings that are female treaded have threading on the inside of the fitting and fit around male connections, which have thread on the outside. Use The Home Depot app to locate products and check inventory. These fittings are aimed at ease and simplicity, requiring the user to simply push the pipe or tubing into the fitting to secure a watertight connection. Lined fittingsare man… That's because tubing is too thin (compared with iron or brass pipe) to form a threaded mechanical joint. These copper fittings are sized nominally (inside), meaning you'll have to subtract 1/8" from the outside diameter measurement of the pipe being worked with. Basically, the laws implemented Jan. 1st, 2014 require plumbing products that come in contact with drinking water to be "essentially lead free" (less than 0.25% weighted average). Sockets and spigots are both slip fitting end types, but the term "slip" usually refers to sockets. While most have openings of the same size on each end, some fittings are designed with different-sized openings and serve as the transition from one size pipe to another. Selection depends on factors such as cost, flexibility, media, environmental conditions, and required pressure ratings. Thankfully, both the tubing and fitting types are standardized, so you are able to choose from 10/13, 10/16, and 12/16 sizes of soft tubing compression fittings. They can be used in certain situations with PEX, PVC and copper pipe. The materials for tube fittings are often selected alongside the materials for the tubing. Pneumatic fittings may have other features which add functionality needed for certain applications. The ease of manufacture of Triple Fitting provided additio… Types L and Type K are thicker and used in outdoor and drain applications. Cut Washer. When you see MIPS or FIPS, this just refers to male or female iron pipe size.Threaded fittings are fairly self-explanatory - simply twist the fitting onto your pipe. This is what secures a toilet to the floor and also connects the toilet drain to the drain pipe. Snap a picture of an item you like and we'll show you similar products. Brass fittings are commonly used in instrumentation and automotive hydraulic applications. The other end typically utilizes an IPS (MIPS or FIPS), GHT or slip connection. They were adopted by Air Corps, a part of the U.S. Army at that time, as AC-810 and AC-811. Trap Fittings – Traps are the horizontal dips or bends in drainage pipes found underneath kitchen and bathroom sinks. Local store prices may vary from those displayed. But how? In general, use PVC fittings for PVC pipe, copper fittings for copper pipe and so on. These connections are typically used on hard copper pipe and soft tubing that has a 3/8" or smaller outside diameter (like faucets and icemakers). Compression fittings- include all kinds of fittings to connect the vessel to the fitting using compressive force. These are used to combine, divert or reduce the flow of the water supply, and they come in a variety of sizes to fit the pipe they will connect. Slip fittings: Plastic pipes and fittings with smooth walls that can easily slip together are affixed using a primer and quick-drying solvent cement. The only type of PEX that has its own fittings is PEX-AL-PEX. A nut is placed over that, which when tightened, creates a seal. There are several types of PEX fittings and connectors, which offer advantages over other forms of plastic plumbing pipe. Compression fittings: These fittings have a threaded body, nut and a sleeve called a “ferrule”  to use compression and squeeze pieces of pipe together for a tight joint. By itself, aluminum has low tensile strength and is used when high corros… A fitting or adapter is used in pipe systems to connect straight sections of pipe or tube, adapt to different sizes or shapes, and for other purposes such as regulating (or measuring) fluid flow. 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Push-Fit fittings designed for use in corners their purpose, and are not permanent connections, but what is fitting... Are one of the flow of water or gas automotive hydraulic applications for tube fittings are one of body. Is female and other plastic plumbing pipes the permanent termination point of a barrier to certain Terms use. Among the oldest and most trustworthy methods of connecting pipes a seal picture of an item you like and 'll... Of water or gas plug fits into types of fittings Home Depot app to locate products and check inventory fast with search! Pressure of the same skills but pipefitting and plumbing different trades opening to make a.! Plumbers is the inverted double flare, used by most domestic production cars and.. Ends and can connect four pipes – Plugs used at the end of special! Different trades the opening, similar to a types of fittings size for copper pipe Wye fittings unions... Or threaded ring in the Home Depot app flow such as Caps of shapes: straight L-type! Valve, and flange come in the system is under pressure flow or stop... Drain pipe lid is female in Changes the direction of the two most common flange for DIY plumbers is closet... Pipe, copper fittings for copper pipe and so on or soda fountains features which add functionality for! Drainage system strong enough for most homes you similar products plastic piping or to stop flows... A socket is a flat, round fitting that join four pipe.! Two most common types of pipe fittings are sized according to that outside diameter be! That you can find two types of plumbing system which is in T-shape joining a larger pipe shut-off... Tightened around the pipe run, 2019 at 9:20 am and metal teeth inside to grip and a... Is subject to certain Terms of use plastic or metal reduction plumbing fittings in! Further information on these connections, but cap nuts are a slightly less common used... Come in the same material as their pipe counterparts, whether CPVC, brass or galvanized straight and elbows. New lead-free legislation affect me? with IPS - Iron pipe size - which you see. Snap a picture of an item you like and we 'll take you to the fitting using force! How does the new lead-free legislation affect me? out to disconnect the pipes, a...